The testicles produce testosterone, the male sex hormone crucial for male sexual development and function. During puberty, testosterone helps boys develop male traits like body and facial hair, a deeper voice, and stronger muscles. It’s also necessary for sperm production. As men age, their testosterone levels naturally decrease, which is why older men often have lower levels.
Some men experience testosterone deficiency, known as Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome (TD) or Low Testosterone (Low-T), when the body doesn’t produce enough testosterone. This condition can lead to various symptoms that might affect daily life, but treatment is available.
The American Urology Association (AUA) defines low testosterone as less than 300 nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL). Symptoms of low testosterone can include fatigue, mood changes, and reduced muscle mass, among others. These symptoms can also be caused by other factors like opioid use, certain genetic conditions, testicular damage, diabetes, and obesity. If you notice these symptoms, it’s important to consult your doctor.
If low testosterone is affecting your life, a doctor might suggest Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT). This treatment comes in various forms and is a lifelong commitment. Stopping the therapy can lead to a drop in testosterone levels. The method of TRT can vary, with some requiring daily administration and others monthly, depending on your lifestyle and medical needs.
In many places, including the U.S., you need a doctor’s prescription to get testosterone supplements for TRT. Some people seek TRT for non-medical reasons, but it has been shown to improve muscle strength in middle-aged and older men.
The cost of TRT can vary based on the type of treatment, your location, and whether a generic version is available. If you have health insurance, it might cover some of the costs. Monthly expenses can range from $20 to $1,000, depending on several factors.
TRT increases testosterone levels but doesn’t address the underlying cause of low testosterone, so it may be a lifelong treatment. Only a doctor can diagnose low testosterone through a blood test. If your levels are slightly below normal for your age, further tests might be needed before considering TRT.
